Advantages and Disadvantages of Dental Material

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Dental Material

Dental Material

PORCELAIN (CERAMIC)

Dental Veneer (Ceramic)

Advantages and disadvantages of dental material-Porcelain is a glass-like material formed into fillings or crowns using models of the prepared teeth. The material is tooth-colored and is used in inlays, veneers, crowns and fixed bridges.

Advantages

• Very little tooth needs to be removed for use as a veneer; more tooth needs to be removed for a crown because its strength is related to its bulk (size)
• Good resistance to further decay if the restoration fits well
•  Is resistant to surface wear but can cause some wear on opposing teeth
•  Resists leakage because it can be shaped for a very accurate fit
•  The material does not cause tooth sensitivity

Disadvantages

•  Material is brittle and can break under biting forces
• May not be recommended for molar teeth
• Higher cost because it requires at least two office visits and laboratory services

NICKEL OR COBALTCHROME ALLOYS

Nickel or cobalt-chrome alloys are mixtures of nickel and chromium. They are a dark silver metal color and are used for crowns and fixed bridges and most partial denture frameworks.

Advantages

• Good resistance to further decay if the restoration fits well
• Excellent durability; does not fracture under stress
• Does not corrode in the mouth
• Minimal amount of tooth needs to be removed
• Resists leakage because it can be shaped for a very accurate fit

Disadvantages

•  Is not tooth colored; alloy is a dark silver metal color
•  Conducts heat and cold; may irritate sensitive teeth
• Can be abrasive to opposing teeth
•  High cost; requires at least two office visits and laboratory service
• Slightly higher wear to opposing teeth

GLASS IONOMER CEMENT

GIC

Glass ionomer cement is a self-hardening mixture of glass and organic acid. It is tooth-colored and varies in translucency. Glass ionomer is usually used for small fillings, cementing metal and porcelain/metal crowns, liners, and temporary restorations.

Advantages

ü  Reasonably good esthetics   

ü  May provide some help against decay because it releases fluoride  

ü  Minimal amount of tooth needs to be removed and it bonds well to both the enamel and the dentin beneath the enamel  

ü  Material has low incidence of producing tooth sensitivity

ü  Usually completed in one dental visit

Disadvantages

ü  Cost is very similar to composite resin (which costs more than amalgam)

ü  Limited use because it is not recommended for biting surfaces in permanent teeth

ü  As it ages, this material may become rough and could increase the accumulation of plaque and chance of periodontal disease

ü  Does not wear well; tends to crack over time and can be dislodged

RESIN-IONOMER CEMENT

RIC

Resin ionomer cement is a mixture of glass and resin polymer and organic acid that hardens with exposure to a blue light used in the dental office. It is tooth colored but more translucent than glass ionomer cement. It is most often used for small fillings, cementing metal and porcelain metal crowns and liners.

Advantages

ü  Very good esthetics

ü  May provide some help against decay because it releases fluoride

ü  Minimal amount of tooth needs to be removed and it bonds well to both the enamel and the dentin beneath the enamel

ü  Good for non-biting surfaces

ü  May be used for short-term primary teeth restorations

ü  May hold up better than glassionomer but not as well as composite

ü  Good resistance to leakage

ü  Material has low incidence of producing tooth sensitivity

ü  Usually completed in one dental visit

Disadvantages

ü  Cost is very similar to composite resin (which costs more than amalgam)

ü  Limited use because it is not recommended to restore the biting surfaces of adults

ü  Wears faster than composite and amalgam

DENTAL AMALGAM FILLINGS

Amalgam

Dental amalgam is a self-hardening mixture of silver-tin-copper alloy powder and liquid mercury and is sometimes referred to as silver fillings because of its color.

Advantages

• Durable; long lasting
•  Wears well; holds up well to the forces of biting
•   Relatively inexpensive
• Generally completed  in one visit
•  Self-sealing; minimal-to-no shrinkage and resists leakage
•  Resistance to further decay is high, but can be difficult to find in early stages
• Frequency of repair and replacement is low

Disadvantages

•  Gray colored, not tooth colored
•  May darken as it corrodes; may stain teeth over time
• Requires removal of some healthy tooth
• In larger amalgam fillings, the remaining tooth may weaken and fracture
• Because metal can conduct hot and cold temperatures, there may be a temporary sensitivity to hot and cold.
• Contact with other metals may cause occasional, minute electrical flow

COMPOSITE RESIN FILLINGS

Composite Fillings

Composite fillings are a mixture of powdered glass and plastic resin, sometimes referred to as white, plastic, or tooth-colored fillings. It is used for fillings, inlays, veneers, partial and complete crowns, or to repair portions of broken teeth.

Advantages

• Strong and durable
• Tooth colored
• Single visit for fillings
• Resists breaking
• Maximum amount of tooth  preserved
• Small risk of leakage if bonded only to enamel
•  Does not corrode
• Generally holds up well to the forces of biting depending on product used
•  Resistance to further decay is moderate and easy to find
• Frequency of repair or replacement is low to moderate

Disadvantages

• Moderate occurrence of tooth sensitivity; sensitive to dentist’s method of application
• Costs more than dental amalgam
• Material shrinks when hardened and could lead to further decay and/or temperature sensitivity
• Requires more than one visit for inlays, veneers, and crowns
• May wear faster than dental enamel
• May leak over time when bonded beneath the layer of enamel

Advantages and Disadvantages of Dental Material

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